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CSR in the Oil Sector in Angola:
World Bank Technical Assistance Study
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8. The contributions each sector can make
Public Sector:
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Good practice from other countries suggests that public sector roles can be grouped as follows7:
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Mandating: In their mandating role, governments at different levels make policy clear, embedded within the legal framework.
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Facilitating: In their facilitating role, public sector agencies enable or incentivize companies to engage with the CSR agenda. In many of the approaches under this heading, the public sector plays a catalytic, secondary or supporting role.
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Partnering: The notion of partnership is central to the CSR agenda, bringing the complementary skills and inputs of the public sector, the private sector and civil society to tackle shared objectives. In their partnership role, public sector bodies may act as participants, convenors or facilitators.
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Endorsing: Public sector endorsement can take various forms, including inclusion of CSR topics in policy documents and direct recognition of the efforts of individual enterprises.
Private Sector:
The private sector impacts CSR at multiple levels, including8:
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Direct economic impacts – through customers, suppliers, employees, providers of capital, public sector, investment inflows.
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Corporate governance – through structure and governance, stakeholder engagement, overarching policies and management systems.
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Environmental – including materials, energy, water, biodiversity, emissions, effluents and waste, suppliers, products and services, compliance, transport.
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Social – through labor practices and decent work, including employment, labor/management relations, health and safety, training and education, diversity and opportunity.
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Social – through human rights, including strategy and management, non-discrimination, freedom of association and collective bargaining, child labor, forced and compulsory labor, disciplinary practices, security practices, indigenous rights.
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Social – through society, including community development, raising awareness against bribery and corruption, competition and pricing.
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Social – product responsibility through customer health and safety, products and services, advertising, respect for privacy.
Civil Society:
Potential civil society roles may include9:
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Building consensus for economic reforms, encouraging positive alignments within civil society and pushing for longer term development.
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Promoting institutional transparency and accountability, combating corruption and broadening the base on decision making.
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Combating inequality and exclusion, promoting and protecting human rights, and influencing the quality and distribution of economic growth.
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Delivering social and economic services using alternative values and methods.
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Improving natural resource management and environmental protection.
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Building constituencies for poverty reduction, sustainable development, and international co-operation.
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Promoting consumer activism
Institutions:
Systemic indicators that affect the CSR enabling environment include:
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Legal systems / laws
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Property rights
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Political stability
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Business associations
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Consumers
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Peer groups
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Media
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Other formal and informal mechanisms.
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Footnotes:
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For further details, see “Public Sector Roles in Strengthening Corporate Social Responsibility”, Fox, Ward and Howard, September 2002, The World Bank, Washington DC.
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Tables are based on indicators in the GRI Framework, with a few additions and changes. See Sustainability Reporting Guidelines, Global Reporting Initiative, 2002, p.36.
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Table is based on ideas set forward by Mike Edwards, Sr. Civil Society Specialist at The World Bank; see www.devinit.org/civilsociety.htm
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